Signal generators play a vital role in electrical test and measurement. They generate the test signals that are applied to components such as filters and amplifiers, or even to entire modules, in ...

Work on surface sensing in bacterial biofilms has focused on how cells transduce sensory input into cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) signaling, low and high levels of which generally correlate with ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...

A look at the simplest FM demodulation technique. It doesn’t give the lowest possible output distortion, it doesn’t reject amplitude distortion effects, but it is simple and can be used at virtually ...

Phasing and flanging are often confused. We ask why - and demystify!

Bacteria employ complex signaling networks for adaptive gene control in changing environments. Bacterial second messenger molecules such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) relay external environmental signals into ...

Conventional nanoscale electroplasmonic structures provide limited electrical tunability of nonlinear optical responses. Scientists at Japan's Institute for Molecular Science have demonstrated an ...