Ammonia is an essential chemical used across many industries worldwide. Beyond its traditional role as a fertilizer, it is also a promising liquid hydrogen carrier and low-carbon fuel that could help ...

The Horner--Wadsworth--Emmons (HWE) reaction is commonly used in organic chemistry to synthesize conjugated aldehydes. However, traditional HWE reaction methods sometimes have inconsistent (E)- and (Z ...

DNA synthesis is vital to several processes in biopharmaceutical innovation, including the development of gene therapies, CRISPR gene editing, antisense oligonucleotides and RNA therapies. The need ...

Coupling reactions are among the most transformative tools in organic chemistry, enabling the formation of crucial chemical bonds in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and advanced materials. Since their ...

RNA drugs are the next frontier of medicine, but manufacturing them requires an expensive and labor-intensive process that limits production and produces metric tons of toxic chemical waste.

Green synthesis and catalytic methods are revolutionising organic chemistry by offering sustainable alternatives to traditional synthetic processes. These approaches prioritise the use of ...

Recently, chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) has emerged as a viable alternative method for ammonia production. Specifically, aluminium-oxide (Al 2 O 3 )-based chemical looping has shown ...

This module explores the synthesis of amines with a focus on the reductive amination reaction. Numerous examples from the discovery and commercial manufacturing of pharmaceuticals are included. After ...

Scientists have long considered ketones (a fundamental chemical class) and esters (molecules formed when an acid reacts with an alcohol) to be locked treasure chests of possibilities. Ubiquitous as ...

The world is in the middle of a peptide drug revolution. These short chains of amino acids—the building blocks of ...

In a recent review article, a research team outlined recent progress in transition metal-free techniques to achieve coupling. Their combined efforts in these methods could help minimize waste and ...